This qualification reflects the role of individuals in a variety of information and communications technology (ICT) roles who have established specialised skills in a technical ICT function. Individuals in these roles carry out moderately complex tasks in a specialist field, working independently, as part of a team or leading a deliverable with others. They may apply their skills across a wide range of industries, business functions and departments, or as a business owner (sole trader/contractor). The skills required for these roles may include, but are not restricted to: advanced networking: configuring and managing virtual computing environments, and security within ICT networks advanced programming: applying intermediate and advanced programming skills, managing data and building advanced user interfaces to manage organisational requirements back end web development: developing and maintaining website information architecture and data business analysis: designing and implementing technical requirements, quality assurance processes and contingency plans for businesses cloud architecture: developing, improving and designing cloud infrastructure, including disaster recovery plans cloud engineering: building, implementing and managing cloud infrastructure and virtual networks cyber security: protecting sensitive data and information through security architecture and developing disaster recovery and contingency plans database and data management: creating, designing and monitoring systems that store data and optimise organisational knowledge management front end web development: designing dynamic and complex websites, user experience solutions and documents using extensible mark-up languages game art and design: creating complex 2D and 3D modelling and animation software through scripts and storyboards game programming: creating complex 2D and 3D interactive games and media, building graphical user interfaces and applying artificial intelligence in game development systems administration: reviewing maintenance procedures and support to help troubleshoot system applications systems analysis: modelling and testing data objects, data processes and preferred ICT system solutions telecommunications network engineering: managing logistics, organisational specifications, regulations and legislative requirements across network projects.